Essay about Mill vs Dostoevsky - 1064 Words

â€Å"For what is freedom? That one has the will to assume responsibility for oneself.† (Nietzsche. Twilight of the Idols. Trans. Hollingdale. Sect. 38). Everyone desires freedom but everyone cannot handle the responsibilities of freedom. I will compare J.S. Mill’s views on the social function of freedom with that of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s characters from both, the novel Notes From Underground and the excerpt; The Grand Inquisitor, also drawing supplementary arguments from Friedrich Nietzsche, while expressing my views alongside. Mill’s core assumption of man is that he is a rational being who will strive to maximize his own utility. â€Å"I regard utility as the ultimate appeal†¦ on the permanent interests of man as a progressive being.† (Mill. On†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" Come, try, give anyone of us, for instance, a little more independence, untie our hands, widen the spheres of our activities, relax the controls and we- yes, I assure you- we would immediately beg to be under control again.† (Dostoevsky. Notes From Underground. Trans. Matlaw. 121). â€Å"Man was created a rebel; and how can rebels be happy?†(Dostoevsky. The Grand Inquisitor. Trans. Matlaw. 131). Nietzsche elaborates on this point by affirming the idea that we are made up of two instinctual drives: the Dionysian, which causes us to be passionate, impulsive and unrestrained, and the Apollonian which makes us disciplined, restrained and controlled beings. Mill and other utilitarian’s like Jeremy Bentham denies the former. I embrace this idea that most of us are creatures of chaos, who are born wild and need to be tamed by the structures of society. What type of society would we live in if people did not believe in sins, or heaven and hell? Although we would like to deny it, the reality is that the greater majority of the human race is not capable of living without paternalistic laws, and moral limitations that stem from religious doctrines. J.S. Mill would strongly disagree with this statement: â€Å" That the only purpose for which power can be rig htfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others.†Show MoreRelatedExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pages------------------------------------------------- Essentialism vs. Existentialism Essentialism: A belief that things have a set of characteristics that make them what they are, amp; that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery amp; expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence While, Existentialism:A philosophical theory or approach, that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free amp; responsible

Genetically Modified Organisms and Food Production

Foods produced from organisms which have been encountered with specific changes brought in to their DNA utilizing the mode of genetic engineering is known as genetically modified food. These DNA modification techniques have permitted for the introduction of latest and innovative crop attributes as well as gain a great control over the genetics structure of the food which was then previously sustained by modes such as selective and mutation breeding (King). In 1995 the Commercial sale of this food had been started. Calgene marketed its first genetically modified food named Flavr Savr which was ripening tomatoes (Bruening and Lyons). Most of the modifications of genetic food have initially been focused on the highly demanded cash crops such as Corn, Canola, Soybean and Cotton Seed Oil. These have been designed and engineered for resistance to herbicides and better nutritional profiles. Genetically modified livestock have also been introduced but has not been introduced in the market. We would not have any idea that meat, vegetable or fruits, supposed to purchase by us, are genetically modified, every time we go to super markets. In order to make this situation worst most of the consumers do not pay special importance to the food they are eating, when they are actually consuming genetically modified food. As per the figures estimated by Institute for Responsible Technology (2007) in the United States 91% of corn, 79% of soybean and 89% of Canola are sold which are producedShow MoreRelatedGenetically Modified Organisms And Replace Conventional Food Production Techniques And The Safety Of The Foods Produced1290 Words   |  6 PagesThere exists a debate over the use of genetically modified organisms to replace conventional food production techniques and the safety of the foods produced. In 2014, the Pew Research Center conducted a survey of the general public and reported that out of a survey of 2,000 individuals 57% of individuals believed it unsafe to consume gen etically modified foods, 25% considered it safe, and 6% either did not know or did not answer (Funk and Rainie). In sharp contrast to this statistic, when asked theRead MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Organisms982 Words   |  4 PagesJerome Lane October 5, 2014 MMS 333 Public Relations and Marketing Prof. Carney GMO Pro-Con Assignment Introduction Created by splicing genes, Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) are organisms formed from biotechnology techniques (Millis, 2006). Many people have recently become concerned by the rising popularity of the GMO products. The central debate which has attracted controversy is whether the GMOs are beneficial or rather harmful to humankind. The embracement of GMOs as part of us has attractedRead MoreGmos Should Be Applied Into American Food Production1242 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopments plaguing agricultural production, the implementation of Genetically Modified Organisms, commonly referred to as GMOs, is best suited to be used in food manufacturing. It is estimated that by the year 2050, global food production must increase by seventy percent. However with current practices in place and the limited expansion of farmland due to urbanization, such production rates are nearly impossible to achieve. The use of Genetically Modified Organisms seems to be among the only feasibleRead MoreGene tically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )1665 Words   |  7 PagesA genetically modified organism (GMO) is a chemical organism processed in a laboratory where genes from the DNA of the crops are extracted and then artificially forced into an unrelated product that, when put into the crops the farmers raise, can chemically change the makeup of the crop. The chemical makeup can be from the change in the skin color of the crop to the actual organic chemistry compound. Genetic engineering is the process of splicing the genes in the crop and taking out a certain chemicalRead MoreGenetic Engineering : Genetically Modified Organisms1485 Words   |  6 PagesA genetically modified organism, or â€Å"GMO,† is defined as being, â€Å"an organism or microorganism whose genetic material has been altered by means of genetic engineering.† This process is often used in plants and animals to produce desirable attributes. In the past, a plant with a desired attribute would be bred, by usin g selective breeding, to yield more plants with that desirable attribute. Now with the advancement of genetic engineering, this technique can be performed in a laboratory by moving orRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And Organic Organisms Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pagesorganic and genetically modified organisms are viewed and interpreted. They will see the â€Å"facts† about the genetically modified organisms and organic organism, and how producers and consumers view this. The reader will be able to understand what is actually happening to genetically modified organisms and organic organisms during the production and when it is getting processed. They will also learn about certified organic and the USDA organic and how each one is determined in the production. EverybodyRead MoreEthics Of Genetically Modified Organisms816 Words   |  4 PagesIn the last thirty years, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been used for in the production of medicine and food and ar e widely used in scientific research and the production of other products (Junod, 2009). A GMO is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques, including mutation, insertion, or deletion of genes (Nelson, 2010). GMOS and GM technology have become a topic of great concern among scientists, regulators, consumers, farmers, andRead MoreLabeling For The Health Of Americans1601 Words   |  7 Pagespercent of food eaten in the United States contains GMOs, but not many people know what they are actually consuming from their food sources (Prah). Genetically modified organism, also known as genetically modified organisms engineered in a lab by scientists that alter the genes of plants and animals. By fixating DNA from other organisms into America’s food sources, they create substances that are detrimental to the health of human beings. In addition to this, these genetically modified organisms are completelyRead MoreNon Genetically Modified Food Demand1632 Words   |  7 PagesNon-Genetically Modified Food Demand and Supply and Demand of Food Supply and Restaurants in the United States Genetically modified crops have played an important role in food supply of the United States for nearly two decades. The incentives for producers to use these crops are numerous, such as: an increased resistance to pests and improving the yield of the harvest. While these crops have been accepted as the norm for years, recently more shoppers have become increasingly concerned about whatRead MoreWhy Is Genetic Modification Is The Same Thing As Biotechnology1578 Words   |  7 Pagesmanaging the affordability of food production and food purchase. Selective breeding is a way for scientists to select for certain genetics that increase plant health and yields. Whereas, biotechnology allows for an expansion of acreage to be utilized for production of food crops like corn, soybeans, wheat, etc. Its important to understand that genetic modification is the same thing as biotechnology. According to gmoanswers.com, GMOs (genetically modified organisms) are defined as â€Å"Biotechnology

Strategic Information Systems for Business - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information Systems for Business. Answer: Introduction Organizational Structure defines certain institutional rules and policies that outline different work flow within an organization. It helps in defining the tasks, coordination and supervision within an organization that are needed to be performed in order to achieve the organizational aim. Organization structure assigns a hierarchy that defines the roles and responsibility of the members of the organization (Christensen 2013). There are mainly two approaches of organizational structure, centralized and decentralized. The report discusses the organizational structure of Telstra Australia and the problems associated with the current organizational structure. The report puts light to different operational issues the company is facing and its possible solution. The report suggests the use of ERP to centralize the process flow within the organization. Current Organizational Structure The organizational structure of a particular organization is an important aspect for understanding and solving the functional and non-functional processes within an organization. Every organization has a certain structure that defines the work processes within an organization. The current organizational structure of Telstra Australia is illustrated below- Figure 1: Organizational Structure (Source: Telstra.com.au, 2017) Operational problems Telstra experienced due to the Organizational Structure Organizational structure is one of the primary aspects of managing and evaluating the growth of a particular organization. Having a proper organizational structure is essential for maintaining a smooth operation. Organizational structure is important for every organization as it provides clarity on the human resources issues persisting in an organization (Domeika 2015). A formal business structure is important in growth of the business. The operations of Telstra is illustrated below- Figure 2: Representing the operations of Telstra (Source: Telstra.com.au, 2017) He operational problems, Telstra is facing due to the complex organizational structure are listed below- 1) Lack of strategic management: An effective organizational structure is essential for proper strategic management within an organization (Warren, Reeve and Duchac 2013). Proper strategic management is necessary for effective decision-making. Moreover, an ineffective strategic management may hamper the sales procedures within an organization and in managing the different processes within an organization. Strategic management is necessary in order to manage the sustainability in managing the target market in relation to the organizational structure (Telstra.com.au, 2017). 2) Lack of communication: Poor communication is another operational issue associated with the organization. Communication is an important tool in ensuring the smooth operational processes within the organization. The lower level staffs are not given enough priority in the decision making and moreover, the process of communication flow from lower to upper level is difficult due to a complex organizational structure (Kiani, Lamego and O'reilly 2014). This leads to certain operational problems, which includes decisions related to the supply chain management and sales. 3) Inefficient Supply Chain management: The Company Telstra is based on telecommunication and therefore, supply chain management is an integral part of their daily business. Poor supply chain management is a major functional problem associated with the system. This operational issue must be addressed as soon as possible in order to prevent the serious loss of the company. An improper organizational structure is responsible for weak organizational relations leading to the poor supply chain management (Gereffi and Fernandez-Stark 2016). 4) Inefficient human resource management: Human resource is responsible for managing the workflow and process flow within an organization and therefore having a well-structured human resource management is necessary. Poor organizational structure is the root cause of inefficient human resource management (Hendry 2012). Chosen System acquisition method The most likely system acquisition method for Telstra would be implementing the Enterprise Resource Planning. This is an efficient system acquisition method for Telstra. Enterprise resource planning is a systemic process of managing and integrating all the important parts of the business, which includes different phases of planning, inventory, marketing sales and so on (Wallace and Sheetz 2014). This system provides certain functional benefits for managing the crucial processes of an organization. Researches prove that many organizations have been successful in implementing the ERP. Use of ERP would definitely help in streamlining the process flow within the organization and would help in lessen the operational issues arising due to an ineffective organizational structure. Moreover, adopting ERP as a system acquisition method may help in reducing the workload of Telstra to a considerable level. The software helps in integrating all the essential business operations within the organization. The different operations within the organization, which includes manufacturing, sales and marketing are integrated using the software (Leon 2014). However, the ERP should be implemented carefully in order to eliminate the cost overruns within the company. System flow chart of sales procedures The system flow chart of the sales procedure of Telstra Australia is illustrated below- Figure 3: Representing the sales (Source: Telstra.com.au, 2017) The control problems in the system The control problems associated with the operations, sales and security of Telstra are elaborated below- 1) The poor organizational structure leads to the ineffective control processes within the system due to which, the company is exposed to a number of frauds (March 2013). 2) Lack of proper compliance and clear objective of the proper compliance activities is another major control problem associated with the organization (Cummings and Worley 2014). 3) User access rights for information systems: the employees of the organization are granted more access to the information systems in comparison to the actual work they need to perform within the organization. This is again a result of a poor organization structure, as the person grating the rights to the access of Information system to the employees does not understand the roles and responsibilities of the member fully. The access to the information system should be limited only to selected employees in order to eliminate the frauds associated with the organization. 4) Documentation: Adequate documentation is necessary for developing an effective internal control framework within an organization. Absence of documentation makes it difficult for the organization to demonstrate the existence of completed transactions, procedures performed and sales. 5) Policies and procedures: effective policies and procedures help in aligning the business objectives and further helps in establishing the operating procedures in a proper way. Frauds Possible in the System The frauds possible in the system due to the control problem discussed above are elaborated below- 1)False sales and false purchase: This is one of the major control problems associated with the system. Organizational members or the insiders are responsible for this particular fraud. 2) Security issues: many security issues and system frauds arise due to the absence of the control rights in the information systems of the organization. 3) Lack of proper documentation is the source of another fraud in the organization. Documenting the sales is important in order to prevent the fraud in the organization. Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion it can be concluded that, having a proper organizational structure is essential for an organization in order to eliminate the risks of certain operational and control problem in an organization. The report discusses the organizational structure of Telstra Australia and certain operational problem the organization faces due to its inefficient organizational structure. The report further puts light to the sales procedures of Telstra and the control issues identified in the organization. ERP as the system acquisition method is recommended for Telstra and its benefits are discussed in the report. Introduction This part of the assignment elaborates the use of accounting software in different processes of business and organization. Accounting software can be used in managing and automating different accounting transactions, which includes managing all the accounts related tasks including the account receivable, payable and trial balance (Murthy and Abeysekera 2015). The report elaborates the use of different account software and the software that is leading in the Australian target market. The report focuses on the accounting software Xero, which provides a wide advantage to the business. The report further discusses the drawbacks of accounting software and challenges faced by the users. Development and adoption of accounting software packages The different functional modules of accounting software are made keeping in mind the different functional modules of a company and business, which includes accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll and trial balance. Accounting software packages are generally built in cloud based architecture incorporating the business intelligence applications and report generation modules. Adoption of different accounting software for automating and managing the different financial processes of business has been beneficial for the organizations. Out of the different accounting software present in Australian market, Xero is the leader in the market as it provides a wide range of benefits and manages the accounting related issues quite effectively (Von Der Emde et al. 2014). Current Market Size The data from the competitive market shows that MYOB and Xero accounting software packages hold a larger market place in the target market. SMB ranked Xero to be number one accounting software in Australia. Therefore, it can be said that Xero offers one of the best platform in managing the different accounting functionalities of business. The different operational benefits include accounting and payroll at one transparent price, real time financial data, which is accessible everywhere and automatic bank feeds. Xero therefore offers effective management of the different accounting operations within the organization (Robey, Anderson and Raymond 2013). The pricing of Xero starts at only $25 per month, which is a very cost effective solution. Therefore, it can be deduced that Xero hold a larger market size in Australia. Leaders in the Market and the competitive Advantage The two accounting software that leads the market includes Xero and MYOB. This is because these software offers a wide range of advantages and is very simple to use. Xero and MYOB provide an effective support in managing the financial processes within the organization. The different manual operations involved with the work processes are effectively automated using these software. The regular updates of the financial database of the organization help in reducing the redundancy in data and helps in improving the operational system architecture of the organization. The competitive advantages of the software discussed above are elaborated below- 1) Cloud based setup: The cloud set up offered by these accounting software helps in customization of the software according to the need of the client. The software with a cloud based setup and easy update provides a competitive advantage in the target market. 2) Speedy Functional Output: fast performing software is necessary in this competitive and fast-paced world and therefore, speedy performance is a must need. Xero, the leader of the Australian market provides all the functional operation and the performance level of the software is high as well. 3) Interface: having a complex interface is a drawback as software with a complex interface becomes very difficult to manage. Therefore, the software that provides an effective solution along with a simple and easy to use interface is the prominent choice of the business. The user interface of Xero is quite simple and the software is easily manageable and therefore it leads the target market. Therefore, Xero provides an effective solution for the small and medium sized business. Since it is cost effective, it becomes the first choice for any business organization. The process integration in Xero is quite effective and therefore it offers varied functional benefits and thus leads the market (Xero Accounting Software 2017). Challenges encountered by customers of accounting Software With the wide range of benefits, there are certain challenges that are faced by the users of accounting software, which are listed below- 1) Security issues: Since the accounting software is based on cloud setup, different security issues creep into the system, which must be eliminated in order to eliminate the risk of data breach (Mudge 2013). 2) Complexity: With the addition of ne features, the software becomes complex to manage. 3) Installation/ Update: The process of installation is time consuming and the updates are lengthy, which may sometime delay the work as well. Conclusion Therefore from the above discussion, it can be concluded that accounting software offers wide range of advantage in managing different business processes. Xero is the leader of the market due to the advantages it offers. However, there are certain issues faced by the users of accounting software, which must be fixed to retain the market position. References Christensen, C., 2013.The innovator's dilemma: when new technologies cause great firms to fail. Harvard Business Review Press. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Domeika, P., 2015. Creation of the Information system of enterprise fixed asset accounting.Engineering Economics,60(5). Gereffi, G. and Fernandez-Stark, K., 2016. Global value chain analysis: a primer. Hendry, C., 2012.Human resource management. Routledge. Kiani, M.J.E., Lamego, M. and O'reilly, M., Masimo Corporation, 2014.Patient monitor capable of accounting for environmental conditions. U.S. Patent 8,740,792. Leon, A., 2014.Enterprise resource planning. McGraw-Hill Education. March, J.G. ed., 2013.Handbook of Organizations (RLE: Organizations)(Vol. 20). Routledge. Mudge, J.C., 2013. Cloud computing-its development and security.Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy,1(1). Murthy, V. and Abeysekera, I., 2015. Corporate social reporting practices of top Indian software firms. Robey, D., Anderson, C. and Raymond, B., 2013. Information technology, materiality, and organizational change: A professional odyssey.Journal of the Association for Information Systems,14(7), p.379. Telstra.com.au. (2017). Telstra - mobile phones, prepaid phones, broadband, internet, home phones, business phones. [online] Available at: https://www.telstra.com.au/ [Accessed 13 Sep. 2017]. Von Der Emde, M., Hoffmann, T., Nowotny, D. and Penning, J., Sap Ag, 2014.Providing payment software application as enterprise services. U.S. Patent 8,671,032. Wallace, L.G. and Sheetz, S.D., 2014. The adoption of software measures: A technology acceptance model (TAM) perspective.Information Management,51(2), pp.249-259. Warren, C.S., Reeve, J.M. and Duchac, J., 2013.Financial managerial accounting. Cengage Learning. Xero Accounting Software. (2017). Xero Limited 2016 Annual Report. [online] Available at: https://www.xero.com/media/9883890/xro_2016_annual_report.pdf [Accessed 13 September 2017]

One of the triumphs of the Civil Rights Movement Essays

" One of the triumphs of the Civil Rights Movement is that when you travel through the South today, you do not feel overwhelmed by a residue of grievance and hate. " - Alice Walker Nearly a century after the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, African Americans still faced alienation and racial inequality in America. Instead of being accepted into American society, they were discriminated and isolated ; esp ecially in the Southern states. However, i n the late 19 50's and throughout the 1960's , awareness towards this problem seemed to skyrocket. M any great African A merican men and women decided to form a movement of great power, which would change the lives of African Americans for days to come . In this movement, t hey would use civil disobedience and non-violent protests to eliminate segregation , even in the face of danger exhibited by several state troopers and white supremacist groups, such as the Ku Klux Klan. After days of hardship and perseverance, the movement rose to prominence, achieving miracles its predecessors did not ; notably the Civil Rights Act of 1964. T herefore, the Civil Rights Movement was successful because it greatly improved and benefited the welfare, education and voting rights of the African Americans in the U.S.A. First of all, one of the most important aspects of life which the Civil Rights Movement succeeded in improving was the educational welfare of African Americans and other such minorities throughout the country. In an excerpt from a USA today article written in 2014 , it was stated that "In 1964, just one in four blacks above age 25 had graduated from high school. Today, the number is 85%. The percentage of blacks with a college degree has risen from 4% to more than 21%." Therefore, racial equality in education has greatly increased from the 1960's, amounting to a better life for minority groups, especially African Americans . With a greater depth in education, African Americans are able to not just to support themselves and their family, but are also able to contribute to American society and even the American economy. If this trend continues, African Americans will likely outnumber white graduates from high school and college, having a likel ier chance of not being unemployed; resulting in equal opportunity for all. Hence, as a result of the Civil Rights Movement, African Americans are learning more and contributing to the American society than they ever had in the past. Furthermore, the Civil Rights Movement has succeeded in benefiting African Americans ' voting righ ts and power in the government . According to data compiled by the Pew Res earch Center in 2014 , "Blacks' gains at the voting booth have been dramatic. In last year's presidential election, black turnout exceeded that of whites for the first time And the number of black elected officials has soared from fewer than 1,500 in 1970 to more than 10,500 today." Thus, African Americans are not just excelling by educational standards, but also by political standards , as well . With this overwhelming surplus of black voters and officials in government , a brighter and racially equal America can be seen to exist in the future . Also, the more voters and officials from minority groups there are in America, the more potential it can hold for newcomers from other countries. All American communities now have a chance to become as diverse as the y possibly can, welcoming immigrants and not dismissing them as many communities did in the past . Moreover, if these trends continue, soon a majority of the government will consist of officials from minority groups, resulting in many policies be ing changed pertaining to minority groupsnotably immigration policies. Therefore, the Civil Rights Movement has accomplished another feat in African American history in relation to black voting proving that it was a success. Lastly, another aspect of life in which the Civil Rights Movement succeeded in improving was the economical state of African Americans. In the USA Today article composed by Richard Wolf mentioned above, it was stated that, "The black poverty rate has dropped from more than 40% in the 1960s to about 27% today; child poverty similarly has dipped from 67%